With the solar energy industry evolving, selecting between p-type vs n-type modules could have become an inevitable step that every project manager may encounter at the early stage. We examine the main differences, important considerations, and exceptional products from Elite Solar in light of the current spike in the popularity of N-type PV modules.
Making the right decision when selecting between these two module types for your solar projects will ensure maximum performance and efficiency rather than merely following the herd. This blog aims to help you understand the differences between p-type and n-type modules and support your decisions on future solar installation projects.
Key Difference between P-type vs. N-type PV Modules
Construction Materials
The main distinction between p-type vs n-type construction is the kind of materials used in each. Whereas N-type modules utilize silicon doped with phosphorus, P-type modules primarily use silicon doped with boron. The material distinction is the key reason behind the discrepancy in the overall performance and efficiency of different types of modules.
Working Mechanism
The working mechanism of p-type vs n-type diverges significantly. P-type modules rely on positively charged holes for conduction, while an n-type PV module utilizes negatively charged electrons. This fundamental difference has implications for the overall efficiency and output of the PV modules.
Manufacturing Processes
Processes used in manufacturing further distinguish p-type vs n-type modules. A more complex float-zone (FZ) technique is used to create N-type modules, whereas P-type modules are normally produced using the conventional Czochralski (Cz) process. Production procedure variations impact the modules' cost, effectiveness, and dependability.
Factors to Consider in PV Module Type Selection
Efficiency and Performance
Efficiency means how well solar panels can convert sunlight into electricity. Efficiency is a crucial metric in deciding p-type vs n-type modules, exerting a direct influence on the energy yield and cost efficiency over time.
N-type solar panels are more efficient than P-type solar panels, with an efficiency level of around 26% vs 24% for P-type solar panels [1]. And N-type modules often exhibit higher efficiency in low-light conditions. Understanding the specific performance characteristics of each type is essential for aligning with your project requirements.
Reliability and Longevity
Solar installations typically involve a significant upfront investment. Every solar installation must be reliable and durable to achieve consistent performance, good investment return, and low maintenance expenditure.
The lifespans of p-type vs n-type are different. N-type modules often work consistently and dependably over time because they have a longer lifespan and are more resistant to deterioration. However, light-induced degradation is a known problem with P-type panels. Purchasing modules with extended lifespans can significantly impact your solar projects' long-term performance.
Installation and Compatibility
Considering ease of installation and compatibility is vital in choosing between p-type vs n-type modules. While P-type modules enjoy wider compatibility due to their prevalence, N-type modules offer unique advantages in specific installations. You have to evaluate the compatibility of each type with your existing systems for ease of integration into your solar projects.
Working Temperature Range
The working temperature also differs a lot in p-type vs n-type, even though the performance of both modules declines in hot temperature. N-type solar panels often have a lower temperature coefficient, meaning they are less subject to losing efficiency when exposed to high temperatures, making them a better choice for hot climatic locations.
In summary, P-type modules have higher cost-effectiveness and proven reliability, while N-type modules excel with higher efficiency and better performance in high-temperature conditions. Therefore, the choice between N-type and P-type modules depends on specific project requirements, budget considerations, and environmental factors.
Stellar P-Type Vs N-Type PV Modules from Elite Solar
Elite Solar is a global photovoltaic system service provider with headquarters in Hong Kong and offices in Germany, the USA, and Brazil. Our module production facilities are strategically located in Vietnam, Cambodia, and India, with a total capacity amounting to dozens of GW.
We are proud to be BNEF Tier 1 listed since 2012, PVEL Top Performer between 2021-2023, and PVEL Top Brand PV USA 2023. Our certifications demonstrate our excellent bankability and dedication to PV module reliability and performance.
With nearly 20 years of experience in this industry, Elite Solar offers state-of-the-art solutions that transform resilience, efficiency, and performance. Explore two standout products from Elite Solar, exemplifying excellence in solar technology and setting a benchmark for superior performance and reliability.
182-72 N-Type Bifacial Module
The Elite Solar 182-72 N-Type Bifacial Module sets new standards for efficiency and performance using an N-Type M10 wafer, TOPCon solar cell, and high-density interconnect technology. Its main features include:
1) Optimal Conversion Efficiency: Befitted with N-Type M10 wafer and TOPCon solar cells, the module can deliver optimal energy conversion, ensuring a swift return on investment and long-term financial benefits like lower LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) and lower BOS (Balance of System) cost. High-Density Interconnect Technology also helps reduce electrical resistance, contributing to the long-term reliability of the module.
2) Better Performance in High-Albedo Environment: This module comes with higher sunlight-capturing capacity, lower light-induced degradation, lower temperature coefficient, and improved heat dissipation thanks to the integration of robust bifacial design, N-Type M10 Wafer, and High-Density Interconnect Technology. All these features make it an ideal choice in High-Albedo and extreme weather conditions, like deserts and snow-covered areas.
3) Reliability and Endurance: With an impressive ability to endure snow loads of up to 5400 Pa and wind forces of 2400 Pa, this module guarantees unwavering reliability even in the harshest winter conditions. Moreover, it comes with a 30-year warranty on its linear power output, providing our customers with long-term performance assurance and predictable energy generation.
182-72 PERC Bifacial Module
Elite Solar's dedication to quality is further demonstrated with the 182-72 PERC Bifacial Module. This module meets demanding industrial standards such as IEC61215, IEC61730, UL61215, and UL61730, assuring reliability and high quality. Its key features are summarized as follows:
1) More Power Generation: This module harnesses the power of bifacial technology, enabling additional energy harvesting from the rear side (up to 25%).
2) Higher Conversion Efficiency: The incorporation of a half-cut cell structure not only enhances module conversion efficiency but also minimizes resistance and mitigates mismatch loss. This, coupled with an excellent anti-PID design committed to reducing power degradation in mass production, establishes a comprehensive approach to sustained efficiency.
3) Harsh Weather Resistance: These modules are constructed to withstand corrosion caused by challenging environmental conditions like salt mist and ammonia. This ensures their longevity and performance in challenging environments like coastal and agricultural areas.
Conclusion
Elite Solar is a worldwide known solar company with a track record of success and tremendous long-term development prospects. We offer optimum solar solutions, including both N-type and P-type, to utility, industrial, commercial, and residential customers worldwide. We have supplied over 10GW of solar modules and are continually developing solar technologies to provide unique energy solutions that maximize value, reduce risk, and optimize the levelized cost of power.
Contact the Elite Solar team members to learn more about these flagship products.
[1] Chintglobal. N-Type VS. P-Type Solar Panels. Available at https://chintglobal.com/blog/n-type-vs-p-type-solar-panels/. (Accessed on January 25, 2024)
